Blood pressure in hypertension

High blood pressure in hypertension is the main criterion for chronic hypertension, which requires emergency treatment. It should be borne in mind that slight fluctuations in blood pressure may occur throughout the day, this is normal. But if the elevated level remains at a high level for quite a long time or the pressure varies with very large differences, then it is hypertension.

What is the blood pressure of a hypertensive patient?

Blood pressure in humans is expressed by two indicators: upper or systolic and lower (diastolic). In an adult, normal blood pressure should range from 120/80 to 129/84 mmHg. Symptoms indicating illness:

• headache in the back of the head;
• insomnia;
• vertigo;
• seizure;
• pain in the region of the heart;
• goosebumps or circles under the eyes.

For patients with hypertension, the criteria vary depending on the stage of the disease, as shown in the table:

Degree of hypertension	Pressure readings mm Hg. Art.	Symptoms	Treatment
A cure	From 140 to 90 to 160 to 100	Blood pressure rises due to periodic stress Headache	Diet Normalization of lifestyle
Moderate	160/100—180/110	Enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart dizziness Fainting	medicines Light exercises Diet
heavy	Above 180/110	Hit Heart attack Cardiac arrhythmia nosebleeds	Powerful drugs Strict diet

Hypertension is more dangerous than low blood pressure. You should also be careful about the pathology due to the fact that in the initial stages there are practically no symptoms. Late detection of the problem threatens to disrupt the functioning of internal organs and long-term treatment.

How to measure to get a reliable result?

Blood pressure measurements must be performed correctly, the accuracy of the result will depend on this. Basic rules of measurement:

• Take measurements before meals, 3 times a day.
• The patient's hand should be at the level of the heart.
• The cuff of the device should be in contact with the skin, but not too tight so that the index finger can be placed between the cuff and the skin. You need to inflate the air quickly and deflate slowly.
• Do not smoke, drink coffee, tea or alcohol 30 minutes before the procedure.
• During the measurement, do not talk or strain your arm.
• It is better to take measurements on both hands. In this case, the difference between left and right should not normally exceed 10%.

Basic prevention methods

For preventive purposes and to maintain normal blood pressure, you should follow simple requirements:

• monitor fluctuations in body weight;
• the amount of salt consumed should be no more than 5 g per day;
• Perform simple exercises daily;
• removing alcohol and nicotine from consumption;
• add fresh fruits and vegetables to your daily diet.

Proper treatment of high blood pressure

You can stabilize blood pressure and sometimes completely get rid of the disease in different ways: traditional or medicinal. At home, you can lower your blood pressure with tea and tinctures. Drug treatment should be used with extreme caution and after consultation with a doctor. With some medications, blood pressure drops very quickly. Medicines are divided into groups indicated in the table.

A group of drugs	Indications	Contraindications
ACE inhibitors	Comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease For complex treatment	Chronic kidney disease Allergic reactions
sartans	atrial fibrillation Diabetic nephropathy Intolerance to ACE inhibitors	There are practically no side effects Pregnancy
Beta blockers	Heart rhythm disorders Angina pectoris	Chronic lung disease
Diuretics	To remove excess fluid from the body, helping to lower blood pressure Diabetes	Hypokalemia: long-term use of the drug removes useful substances from the body
Fast acting	For quick relief of symptoms With complex treatment	Individual intolerance to the components of the drug